Published Journal Articles and Book Chapters with downloadable .pdf files
In Press
Gershkovich, M, Deacon, B. J., & Wheaton, M. G. (in press). Biomedical causal attribitions for obsessive-compulsive disorder: Association with patient perceptions of prognosis and treatment expectancy. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. PDF
Meyer, J.M., Clapp, J.D., Whiteside, S.P., Dammann, J., Kriegshauser, K.D., Hale, L.R., Jacobi, D.M., Riemann, B.C., & Deacon, B.J. (in press). Predictive relationship between parental beliefs and accommodation of pediatric anxiety. Behavior Therapy. PDF
Norberg, M. M., Newins, A., Xu. J., Forcadell, E., Alberich, C., & Deacon, B. J. (in press). The scarier the better: Maximising exposure therapy outcomes for spider fear. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy.
Reid, A.M., Guzick, A.G., Fernandez, A.G., Deacon, B.J., McNamara, J.P.H., Geffken, G.R., McCarty, R.M., & Striley, C.W. (in press). Exposure therapy for youth with anxiety: Utilization rates and predictors of implementation in a sample of private practice therapists from across the United States. Journal of Anxiety Disorders.
2017
Deacon, B. J., & Spielmans, G. I. (2017). Is the efficacy of "antidepressant" medications overrated? In Lilienfeld, S. O., & Waldman, I. D. (Eds.), Psychological science under scrutiny: Recent challenges and proposed solutions (pp. 250-270). New York: John Wiley and Sons. PDF
McKay, D., Abramovitch, A., Abramowitz, J.A., Deacon, B. (2017). Association and causation in brain imaging: The case of OCD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174, 597-597. PDF
2016
Farrell, N. R., & Deacon, B. J. (2016). The relative importance of relational and scientific characteristics of psychotherapy: Perceptions of community members vs. therapists. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 50, 171-177. PDF
Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J. J., Blakey, S. M., Meyer, J. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2016). Targeting clinician concerns about exposure therapy: A pilot study comparing standard vs. enhanced training. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 85, 53-59.PDF
Lee, A. A., Farrell, N. R., McKibbin, C., & Deacon, B. J. (2016). Comparing treatment relevant etiological explanations for depression and social anxiety: Effects on self-stigmatizing attitudes. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 35, 571-588. PDF
Whiteside, S. P. H., Deacon, B. J., Benito, K., & Stewart, E. (2016). Factors associated with practitioners' use of exposure therapy for childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 40, 29-36. PDF
2015
Arch, J. J., Twohig, M., Deacon, B. J., Landy, L. & Bluett, E. (2015). The credibility of exposure therapy: Does the theoretical rationale matter? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 72, 81-92. PDF
Blakey, S. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2015). Exposure treatment. In Milosevic. I., & McCabe, R. (Eds.), Phobias: The Psychology of Irrational Fear, An Encyclopedia (pp. 140-143). ABC-CLIO. PDF
Blakey, S. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2015). If a safety aid is present, there must be danger: The paradoxical effects of hand sanitizer during a contamination exposure task. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 6, 1-14. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & McKay, D. (2015). The biomedical model of psychological problems: A call for critical dialogue. the Behavior Therapist, 38, 231-235. PDF
Dixon, L. J., Kemp, J. J., Farrell, N. R., Blakey, S. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2015). Interoceptive exposure exercises for social anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 33, 25-34. PDF
Farrell, N. R., Lee, A. A., & Deacon. B. J. (2015). Biological or psychological? Effects of eating disorder psychoeducation on self-blame and expectations for recovery among symptomatic individuals. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 74, 32-37. PDF
Miller, L. M., Deacon, B. J., & Valentiner, D. P. (2015). The OCD Project: Educational or sensational? Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29, 116-122. PDF
Thibideau, M. A., Carleton, R. N., McEvoy, P. M., Zvolensky, M. Z., Brandt, C. P., Boelen, P. A., Mahoney, A. E. J., Deacon, B. J., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2015). Developing scales measuring disorder-specific intolerance of uncertainty (DSIU): A new perspective on transdiagnostic. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 31, 49-57. PDF
2014
Abramowitz, J. S., Fabricant, L., Taylor, S., Deacon, B. J., McKay, D., & Storch, E. (2014). The utility of analogue studies for understanding obsessions and compulsions. Clinical Psychology Review, 34, 206-217. PDF
Blakey, S. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2014). Book review of Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy of Anxiety: A Transdiagnostic Treatment Manual (Norton, 2012). Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 43, 167-168. PDF
Deacon, B. J. (2014). NIMH Mad Libs. the Behavior Therapist, 37, 96-98. PDF
Deacon, B. J. (2014). Prescriptive authority for psychologists: A survey of the ABCT membership. the Behavior Therapist, 37, 163-169. PDF
Kemp, J. J., Lickel, J. J., & Deacon, B. J. (2014). Effects of a chemical imbalance causal explanation on individuals’ perceptions of their own depressive symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 56, 47-52. PDF
Lohr, J., Gist, R., Deacon, B., Devilly, G, & Varker, T. (2014). Science-based treatments for trauma-related stress disorders. In Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., & Lohr, J. M. (Eds.), Science and pseudoscience in clinical psychology (pp. 277-321). Second edition. New York: Guilford Press. PDF
Meyer, J. M., Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J. J., Blakey, S. M., & Deacon, B. J. (2014). Why do clinicians exclude anxious clients from exposure therapy? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 54, 49-53. PDF
2013
Deacon, B. J. (2013). The biomedical model of mental disorder: A critical analysis of its validity, utility, and effects on psychotherapy research. Clinical Psychology Review, 33, 846-861. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Farrell, N. R. (2013). Therapist barriers in the dissemination of exposure therapy. In Storch, E., & McKay, D. (Eds.), Treating variants and complications in anxiety disorders (pp. 363-373). New York: Springer Press. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J. J., Dixon, L. J., Sy, J. T., Zhang, A. R., & McGrath, P. B. (2013). Assessing therapist reservations about exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: The Therapist Beliefs about Exposure Scale. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27, 772-780. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Kemp, J., Dixon, L. J., Sy. J. T., Farrell, N. R., & Zhang, A. (2013). Maximizing the efficacy of interoceptive exposure by optimizing inhibitory learning: A randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51, 588-596. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Lickel, J. J, Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J., & Hipol, L. J. (2013). Therapist perceptions and delivery of interoceptive exposure for panic disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27, 259-264. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Vincent, A. M., & Zhang, A. R. (2013). Lutheran clergy members’ responses to scrupulosity: The effects of moral thought-action fusion and liberal vs. conservative denomination. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 2, 71-77. PDF
Dixon, L. J., Sy, J. T., Kemp, J., & Deacon, B. J. (2013). Does anxiety sensitivity cause panic symptoms? An experimental investigation. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 4, 208-223. PDF
Farrell, N. R., Deacon, B. J., Dixon, L. J., & Lickel, J. J. (2013). Theory-based training strategies for modifying practitioner concerns about exposure therapy for anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27, 781-787. PDF
Farrell, N. R., Deacon, B. J., Kemp, J. J., Dixon, L. J., & Sy, J. T. (2013). Do negative beliefs about exposure therapy cause its cautious delivery? An experimental investigation. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27, 763-771. PDF
Hipol, L. J., & Deacon, B. J. (2013). Dissemination of evidence-based practices for anxiety disorders in Wyoming: A survey of practicing psychotherapists. Behavior Modification, 37, 170-188. PDF
Lickel, J. J., Carruthers, B. R., Dixon, L. J., & Deacon, B. J. (2013). Breathing retraining for individuals who fear respiratory sensations: Examination of safety behavior and coping aid hypotheses. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 27, 111-125. PDF
Maack, D. J., Deacon, B. J., & Zhao, M. (2013). Exposure therapy for emetophobia: A case study with three-year follow-up. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27, 527-534. PDF
Possis, E. A., Kemp, J. J., Lickel, J. L., Sy, J. T., Dixon, L. J., & Deacon, B. J. (2013). A comparison of cognitive and behavioral approaches for reducing cost bias in social anxiety. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 27, 210-220. PDF
Powers, M. B. & Deacon, B. J. (2013). Dissemination of empirically supported treatments for anxiety disorders: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27, 743-744. PDF
2012
Deacon, B. J. (2012). The ethics of exposure therapy for anxiety disorders. In Neudeck, P. & Wittchen, H. U. (Eds.) Exposure therapy: Rethinking the model - refining the method (pp. 9-22). New York: Springer Press. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Lickel, J. J., Abramowitz, J. S., & McGrath, P. B. (2012). Development and validation of the shy bladder scale. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 41, 251-260. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Lickel, J. J. Possis, E. A., Abramowitz, J. S., Mahaffey, B, & Wolitzky-Taylor, K. (2012). Do diaphragmatic breathing and cognitive reappraisal augment interoceptive exposure for anxiety sensitivity? Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 26, 257-269. PDF
Wheaton, M. G., Deacon, B. J., McGrath, P. B., Berman, N. C., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2012). Dimensions of anxiety sensitivity in the anxiety disorders: Evaluation of the ASI-3. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 401-408. PDF
2011
Abramowitz, J.S., Taylor, S., McKay, D., & Deacon, B. (2011). Animal models of OCD. Biological Psychiatry, 69, e29-e30 PDF
Deacon, B. J., Fawzy, T. I., Lickel, J. J., & Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B. (2011). Cognitive defusion versus cognitive restructuring in the treatment of negative self-referential thoughts: An investigation of process and outcome. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 25, 218-232. PDF
McKibbin, C., & Deacon, B. J. (2011). Psychosocial interventions to mental disorders in late life: Are we making progress toward efficiency and impact? American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 835-838. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Etzel, E. O., Ciesielski, B. G., & Deacon, B. J. (2011). The effects of safety behaviors on health anxiety: An experimental investigation. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 719-728. PDF
Sy, J. T., Dixon, L. J., Lickel, J. J., Nelson, E. A., & Deacon, B. J. (2011). Failure to replicate the deleterious effects of safety behaviors in exposure therapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 305-314. PDF
2010
Abramowitz, J. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2010). Anxiety and its disorders: Implications for pharmacotherapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 17, 104-106. PDF
Abramowitz, J. S., Deacon, B. J., Olatunji, B., Wheaton, M. G., Berman, N., Timpano, K., Riemann, B., Adams, T., Storch, E., McGrath, P., Bjorgvinsson, T., & Hale, L. (2010). Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: Development and validation of the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Psychological Assessment, 22, 180-198. PDF
Broman-Fulks, J. J., Deacon, B. J., Olatunji, B. O., Bondy, C. L., Abramowitz, J. S., & Tolin, D. (2010). Categorical or dimensional: A re-analysis of the anxiety sensitivity construct. Behavior Therapy, 41, 154-171. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Sy, J., Lickel, J. J., & Nelson, E. O. (2010). Does the judicious use of safety behaviors improve the efficacy and acceptability of exposure therapy for claustrophobic fear? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 41, 71-80. PDF
Nelson, E. O., Deacon, B. J., Lickel, J. J., & Sy, J. T. (2010). Targeting the probability versus cost of feared outcomes in public speaking anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48, 282-289. PDF
Nelson, E. A., Lickel, J. J., Sy, J. T., Dixon, L. J., & Deacon, B. J. (2010). Probability and cost biases in social phobia: Nature, specificity, and relationship to treatment outcome. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 24, 213-228. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Cisler, J. & Deacon, B. J. (2010). Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders: A review of meta-analytic findings. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 33, 557-577. PDF
2009
Deacon, B. J. (2009). Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. In Richard, D. C. S., & Huprich, S. K. (Eds.), Clinical Psychology: Assessment, Treatment, and Research (pp. 379-400). New York: Elsevier.
Deacon, B. J., & Baird, G. (2009). The chemical imbalance explanation of depression: Reducing blame at what cost? Journal of Clinical and Social Psychology, 28, 415-435. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Lickel, J. J. (2009). On the brain disease model of mental disorders. the Behavior Therapist, 32, 113-118. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2009). Is hypochondriasis an anxiety disorder? British Medical Journal, 194, 481-482. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2009). The cruelest cure? Ethical issues in the implementation of exposure-based treatments. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 16, 172-180. PDF
2008
Broman-Fulks, J. J., Green, B. A., Olatunji, B. O., Berman, M. E., Arnau, R. C., Deacon, B. J., & Sawchuk, C. N. (2008). The latent structure of anxiety sensitivity – revisited. Assessment, 15, 188-203. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2008). Is hypochondriasis related to OCD, panic disorder, or both? An empirical evaluation. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 22, 115-127. PDF
Deacon, B. J., Lickel, J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2008). Medical utilization across the anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 344-350. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Maack, D. J. (2008). The effects of safety behaviors on the fear of contamination: An experimental investigation. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 537-547. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Nelson, E. A. (2008). On the nature and treatment of scrupulosity. Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 4, 39-53. PDF
Kirsch, I., Deacon, B. J., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Scoboria, A., Moore, T. J., & Johnson, B. T. (2008). Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: A meta-analysis of data submitted to the FDA. PLoS Medicine, 5, 0260-0268. PDF
Lickel, J., Nelson, E., Hayes, A., & Deacon, B. (2008). Interoceptive exposure exercises for evoking depersonalization and derealization: A pilot study. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 22, 321-330. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., & Deacon, B. J. (2008). Specificity of disgust sensitivity in the prediction of fear and disgust responding to a brief spider exposure. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 328-336. PDF
2007
Abramowitz, J. S., Deacon, B. J., & Valentiner, D. P. (2007). The short health anxiety inventory in an undergraduate sample: Implications for a cognitive-behavioral model of hypochondriasis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31, 871-883. PDF
Abramowitz, J. S., Olatunji, B. O., & Deacon, B. J. (2007). Health anxiety, hypochondriasis, and the anxiety disorders. Behavior Therapy, 38, 86-94. PDF
Brown, A., Deacon, B. J., Abramowitz, J. S., & Whiteside, S. P. (2007). Parents’ perceptions of pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatments for childhood anxiety disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 819-828. PDF
Deacon, B. J. (2007). The effect of pharmacotherapy on the effectiveness of exposure therapy. In Richard, D. C., S., & Lauterbach, D. (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of the exposure therapies (pp. 311-333). New York: Academic Press. PDF
Deacon, B. J. (2007). Two-day, intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorder: A case study. Behavior Modification, 31, 595-615. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Olatunji. B. O. (2007). Specificity of disgust sensitivity in the prediction of behavioral avoidance in contamination fear. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 2110-2120. PDF
McKay, D., Abramowitz, J., Taylor, S., & Deacon, B. (2007). Evolving treatments for panic disorder (letter to the editor). American Journal of Psychiatry, 164¸ 977. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Cisler, J., Deacon, B. J., Connolly, K., & Lohr, J. (2007). The Disgust Propensity and Sensitivity Scale-Revised: Psychometric properties and specificity in relation to anxiety disorder symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 918-930. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Deacon, B. J., Abramowitz, J. S., & Valentiner, D. P. (2007). Body vigilance in nonclinical and anxiety disorder samples: Structure, correlates, and prediction of health concerns. Behavior Therapy, 38, 392-401. PDF
Taylor, S., Zvolensky, M. J., Cox, B. J., Deacon, B. J., Heimberg, R. G., Ledley, D. R., Abramowitz, J. S., Holaway, R. M., Sandin, B., Stewart, S. H., Coles, M., Eng, W., Daly, E. S., Arrindell, W. A., Bouvard, M., & Jurado, S. (2007). Robust dimensions of anxiety sensitivity: Development and initial validation of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3). Psychological Assessment, 19, 176-188. PDF
2006
Abramowitz, J. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2006). Psychometric properties and construct validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R): Replication and extension with a clinical sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 1016-1035. PDF
Abramowitz, J. S., Khandker, M., Nelson. C. A., Deacon, B. J., & Rygwall, R. (2006). The role of cognitive factors in the pathogenesis of
obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A prospective study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1361-1374. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2006). A pilot study of two-day cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 807-817. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2006). Anxiety sensitivity and its dimensions across the anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 837-857. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2006). Fear of needles and vasovagal reactions among phlebotomy patients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 946-960. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Fawzy, T. (2006). The contribution of David Barlow to the understanding and treatment of panic disorder. In D. David (Ed.) A critical review of the current trends in psychotherapy and clinical psychology (pp. 22-30). New York: Nova Science.
Nelson, L., Abramowitz, J. S., Whiteside, S. P., & Deacon, B. J. (2006). Scrupulosity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Relationship to clinical and cognitive phenomena. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 1071-1086. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Deacon, B. J., Abramowitz, J. S., Woods, C. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2006). Dimensionality of somatic complaints: Factor structure and psychometric properties of the self-rating anxiety scale. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 543-561. PDF
Whiteside, S. P., Port, J., Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2006). A magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation of OCD and anxiety. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 146, 137-147. PDF
2005
Abramowitz, J. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2005). Treatment compliance in cognitive-behavioral therapy. In Hersen, M. & Rosqvist, J. (Eds.),
Encyclopedia of behavior modification and cognitive behavior therapy volume I: Adult clinical applications. New York: Sage
Publications.
Abramowitz, J. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2005). Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Essential phenomenology and overlap with other anxiety disorders. In J. S. Abramowitz & A. C. Houts (Eds.), Concepts and controversies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (pp. 119-135). New York: Springer.
Abramowitz, J. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2005). The OCD spectrum: A closer look at the arguments and the data. In J. S. Abramowitz & A. C. Houts (Eds.), Concepts and controversies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (pp. 141-149). New York: Springer.
Abramowitz, J. S., Whiteside, S. P., & Deacon, B. J. (2005). The effectiveness of treatment for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis. Behavior Therapy, 36, 55-63. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2005). Patients’ perceptions of pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders. Behavior Therapy, 36, 139-145. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2005). The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: Factor analysis, construct validity, and suggestions for refinement. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 19, 573-585. PDF
Olatunji, B. O., Sawchuk, C. N., Deacon, B. J., Tolin, D. F., Lilienfeld, S. O., Williams, N. L., Meunier, S. A., Lohr, J. M., & Connolly, K. M. (2005). The anxiety sensitivity profile revisited: Factor structure and psychometric properties in two nonclinical samples. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 19, 603-625. PDF
2004
Abramowitz, J. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2004). Severe health anxiety: Why it persists and how to treat it. Comprehensive Therapy, 30, 44-49. PDF
Abramowitz, J. S., Deacon, B. J., Woods, C. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2004). Association between Protestant religiosity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms and cognitions. Depression and Anxiety, 20, 70-76. PDF
Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2004). Cognitive and behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders: A review of meta-analytic findings. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60, 429-441. PDF
Valentiner, D. P., Mounts, N. S., & Deacon, B. J. (2004). Panic attacks, depression and anxiety symptoms, and substance use behaviors during late adolescence. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 18, 573-585. PDF
2003
Deacon, B. J., Abramowitz, J. S., Woods, C. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2003). The anxiety sensitivity index - revised: Psychometric properties and factor structure in two nonclinical samples. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 1427-1449. PDF
2002
Deacon, B. J., Valentiner, D. P., Gutierrez, P., & Blacker, D. (2002). The anxiety sensitivity index for children: Factor structure and relation to panic symptoms in an adolescent sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 839-852. PDF
2001
Deacon, B. J., & Valentiner, D. P. (2001). Dimensions of anxiety sensitivity and their relationship to nonclinical panic. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 23, 25-33. PDF
2000
Deacon, B. J., & Valentiner, D. P. (2000). Substance use and nonclinical panic attacks in a young adult sample. Journal of Substance Abuse, 11, 7-15. PDF